RESEARCH September 19, 2025

Heat Pumps Could Cut Bills and Emissions, but Costs Limit Adoption

Research suggests that heat pumps could cut household energy use and greenhouse gas emissions, but the costs are still high.

An air-source heat pump, such as the outdoor portion of the ductless heat pump pictured, takes heat from the outside air, runs it through a refrigeration cycle to step up the temperature (just like a fridge, but in reverse), and delivers it to a building. Photo courtesy of Tom Marsik

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