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Updated on December 7, 2023
·Created on August 24, 2017
Purifaaya is a ceramic water filter manufactured and distributed by SPOUTS in Uganda.
Purifaaya is a locally-made, ceramic water filter in Uganda that uses both physical filtration and chemical disinfection.
Target SDGs
SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation
SDG 2: Zero Hunger
Market Suggested Retail Price
$25.00
Target Users (Target Impact Group)
Household
Distributors / Implementing Organizations
Purifaaya has distributors all over Uganda. SPOUTS partners and supporters include SIMBA telecom, Tuskys Supermarket, Uganda Ministry of Water and Environment and others (page 8).
Competitive Landscape
Direct competitors include DHAN Biosand Filters, CeraMaji, BushProof Biosand Filter, Ideas at Work Biosand Filter, and Hydraid® BioSand Filter.
Manufacturing/Building Method
Purifaaya is mass produced at the SPOUTS factory in Uganda. The raw materials (black clay, yellow clay, sawdust, and grog) are grinded and mixed together. The mixture is pressed into the filter form and touched up. Filters are fired in a wood-burning kiln at 900 °C. The sawdust is combusted leaving micropores, the main form of physical filtration. Filters are painted with silver nitrate for chemical disinfection. They are then packaged and distributed to various partners.
Intellectural Property Type
Open-source
User Provision Model
User can purchase the product from local partners and distributors.
Distributions to Date Status
According to the 2016 Annual Report, roughly 10,000 units have been distributed from 2015 to 2016.
Type of filter
Ceramic pot filter
Primary material of construction
Ceramic, silver nitrate
Additives
Unknown
Manufacturer-specified flow rate (L/hr)
2
Bacteria reduction
4 (99.99%) E. coli reduction
Virus reduction
Unknown
Protozoa reduction
Unknown
Heavy metals and/or arsenic reduction
Unknown
Maximum recommended influent turbidity level (NTU)
Unknown
Effluent turbidity levels (NTU)
>94% turbidity reduction
Maintenance schedule
Clean the filter about every 2 weeksInterview with representative
Manufacturer-specified lifetime volume (L)
10
Safe water storage integration
10 L
Design Specifications
Water is filtered through small silver-impregnated pours in the ceramic filter where bacteria is too large to fit through.
Technical Support
Available from manufacturer. <sup>Interview with representative</sup>
Replacement Components
Manufacturer recommends replacing the filter every 2-3 years to keep filtering process from slowing down. The filter will always remain effective separating out impurities. Additional replacements available from manufacture. <sup>Interview with representative</sup>
Lifecycle
2 years
Manufacturer Specified Performance Parameters
2 L of water is filtered per hour and each filter has a life span of 2 years, or 17,520 hours. 99.9% of bacteria is eliminated.
Vetted Performance Status
Water collected through filter tap was tested for bacteriological, physical and chemical constituents to ensure the safety of the water and compared to the water before it went through the filter. The percentage removal rate was calculated and it’s sustainability. Purifaaya has also successfully performed in disaster relief situations like Tsunami in Sri Lanka and Flooding in Dominician Republic. More info here.
Safety
Regular cleaning and maintenance of ceramic water filter required in every 14 days.
Complementary Technical Systems
None
Academic Research and References
R. Ampaire, “purifaaya,” SPOUTS International, 23-Sep-2016. Available: https://spouts.org/purifaaya/
“Products,” SPOUTS International, 14-Mar-2023. Available: https://spouts.org/products/
“Our Story,” SPOUTS International, 04-Nov-2021. Available: https://spouts.org/our-story/
Spouts.org. Available: https://spouts.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/SPOUTS_Purifaaya-Intro.pdf
“Other Small Appliances,” Jumia Uganda. Available: https://www.jumia.ug/other-small-appliances/?oos=1
Goal 6. (n.d.). Sdgs.Un.Org. available: https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal6
Spouts.org. Available: https://spouts.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/SPOUTS_2016_Annual_Report.pdf
Spouts.org. Available: https://spouts.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/SPOUTS-Annual-Report-2015_vF.pdf
“Directorate of Water Development,” Mwe.go.ug. Available: https://www.mwe.go.ug/directorates/directorate-water-development
Compliance with regulations
Meets standard of safe drinking water by the Uganda Ministry of Water and Environment.
Evaluation methods
Laboratory testing of water cleaned by Purifaaya include parameters like conductivity, pH and turbidity measurements and testing total Coliforms and E. coli by decomposing organic matter.
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